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Anxiety Treatment Medications Psychotherapy and medication can aid people with anxiety disorders. Treatments for anxiety include benzodiazepines such as Xanax (alprazolam), Klonopin (clonazepam) and Valium (diazepam). Antidepressants also help treat anxiety. SSRIs like fluoxetine and citalopram are effective in preventing neurons in the brain from reabsorbing serotonin. This chemical can affect mood. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are powerful drugs to treat anxiety. They work quickly. They are also physically addictive and pose serious safety risks if used for long periods. They should be taken only under the supervision of a doctor. They can be used as an “as-needed” treatment for panic attacks and other anxiety disorders that are severe. Benzos are often utilized in conjunction with other medications like antidepressants and psychotherapy (talk therapy) as part of an overall anxiety disorder treatment plan. Benzos are extremely effective in managing anxiety for a short time, and they help you sleep well. However they are also dangerous when abused, and they are not recommended for use with some other drugs. When benzodiazepines are combined with sedatives such as opioid pain medication and alcohol the risk of dying or overdose rises. They also can interact negatively with antidepressants and trigger severe withdrawal symptoms. When prescribed by a doctor If prescribed by a physician, benzodiazepines can be effective and safe for treating anxiety disorders. Many doctors are cautious when prescribing them as they can trigger addiction and have adverse side effects, such as memory loss. Long-term use can cause a severe withdrawal reaction, and people who are dependent on them are frequently not able to stop taking them without experiencing severe symptoms such as seizures and depression. The main thing to remember about long-term use of benzos is to use them only to patients who could benefit from them; use them in clinical situations that will likely alleviate anxiety symptoms; stay away from prolonged use or abrupt discontinuation; limit the chance of abuse, especially by children; and pair them with effective psychological therapies. Anxiety medications, including benzodiazepines can help ease anxiety by blocking certain nerve signals and preventing them from firing in the brain. These drugs may make you sleepy and less anxious but they will not solve the underlying issue that causes anxiety. There are many natural ways to reduce anxiety, such as exercise, meditation and yoga. Cognitive behavioral therapy is another treatment. You learn to overcome the irrational fears and anxieties. Antidepressants SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are a good option for anxiety because they affect the brain to regulate mood. However, they can take four to six weeks or more to begin working. If the patient does not feel better after this period you should talk to the doctor about changing their medication. Antidepressants like mirtazapine or nefazodone are also effective in treating anxiety. They may be more effective than older medications, such as venlafaxine and XR. It's important to remember that these medications can trigger severe reactions in certain people. If they experience this reaction it is recommended that they seek urgent medical attention or call healthdirect at 1800 022 222 to speak to an experienced nurse (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs are a different type of antidepressant used for anxiety. They block enzymes that break down chemicals in the brain down, including noradrenaline. This causes the levels of these chemicals to increase and have a positive impact on mood. MAOIs are usually reserved for patients who are not improving on other antidepressants however, they can be effective in treating anxiety. One of the most effective antidepressants to treat anxiety are the tricyclic antidepressants. They treat anxiety and mental disorders in a similar manner to SSRIs however, with fewer adverse effects. These medications are effective at low doses, however their effectiveness increases as you increase the dosage. Tricyclics are effective in treating panic, anxiety disorders and obsessive compulsive disorder. However, they might not be as effective when treating generalized anxiety disorder. Buspirone, a more recent antidepressant is also used to treat anxiety. It acts as a mild tranquilizer but it doesn't have the same adverse effects as benzodiazepines. It also doesn't impair memory or coordination. It works by increasing the serotonin levels in the brain and decreasing dopamine levels. The drug can be effective for up to 70% of people who take it. The side effects tend to diminish as the medication is used for longer durations. Talk therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or exposure therapy, can be utilized in conjunction with these medications to improve the effect. Buspirone Buspirone is a generic medicine used to treat anxiety disorders. It is taken orally, usually twice a day. It's not a controlled drug, but there is a chance of abuse. Doctors aren't certain of the exact way buspirone works, but believe that it reduces the levels of serotonin as well as its actions in specific areas of the brain. This makes the nervous system less sensitive to stress and anxiety. Buspirone is generally regarded as safe by doctors for the vast majority of people. It is generally believed as having a lower degree of toxicity and a smaller chance of becoming addicted than benzodiazepines or barbiturates. However, just like other drugs there are side effects. The most common side effects are nausea and dizziness. It's important to tell your doctor about all the medications, supplements and ingredients that you are taking prior to starting buspirone since it can interact with them. If you are older than 65, your doctor might prescribe buspirone in a lower dosage. This is because older people tend to react to drugs differently than younger individuals do. This is particularly true for drugs that affect your nervous system. It's also important to inform your doctor if you are taking an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, like isocarboxazid (Marplan), linezolid (Zyvox), phenelzine (Nardil) selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar) or tranylcypromine (Parnate). Buspirone can cause serious adverse side effects by increasing the levels of these drugs. You should also inform your doctor know that you have liver disease, kidney problems or stomach disorders, or are pregnant or breastfeeding. In these circumstances, some medications, such as SSRIs may not be appropriate for you. Your doctor might suggest a different treatment option if buspirone doesn't work or in the event that you are unable to take it due to a medical condition, or because of an interaction with a different drug. This could be a different type of antidepressant, such as Lexapro or Prozac or beta blockers, such as propranolol or a benzodiazepine such as Xanax. The PIL for each drug will provide more details on how to take it and possible adverse reactions. Other Medicines There are other options that can reduce anxiety. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is one of the options. Psychotherapy can assist you in changing the way you think about anxiety and teach you coping strategies to reduce anxiety. Other options include learning relaxation techniques, a regular exercise routine, and avoiding the use of alcohol and other drugs. Some people experience relief from anxiety symptoms by taking herbal medication. If you've tried these alternatives but they don't work, talk to your doctor. Medicines used as an anxiety treatment generally fall into two broad categories: antidepressants and benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines like Ativan (lorazepam) can enhance the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, in your brain to promote peace. They can provide relief quickly but they also be addictive if they are used over a long period of time. Antidepressants are slower to work but they help stabilize the levels in your brain of specific neurotransmitters, chemicals that influence your mood. SSRIs are the most common antidepressants for anxiety. my response boost the amount of serotonin, a chemical messenger in your brain, which can improve your mood and make you feel less anxious. Another class of antidepressants, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, known as SNRIs, block the reabsorption of both serotonin and norepinephrine in your brain, increasing levels of these chemicals and making you feel more energized. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a third antidepressant group that is sometimes used by people who don't respond to SSRIs to treat anxiety. There are numerous other medications that can be used to treat anxiety. They include azapirones, alpha- and Beta-blockers and antihistamines such as Clonidine and hydroxyzine. The majority of these have lower success rates than SSRIs and benzodiazepines. While medication is an effective treatment for anxiety, it shouldn't be the only option to be employed. Alternative treatments are more effective if there is an underlying cause of your anxiety such as food insecurity, debt, or an unhealthy relationship. Other options include cognitive behavior therapy, or CBT; biofeedback, which helps you to control your own brain waves with a monitoring device; and mindfulness meditation, which is a kind of meditation that is focused on the present moment.